| Swedish Theatre | |
|---|---|
| Svenska Teatern (Swedish) Ruotsalainen Teatteri (Finnish) |
|
| Former names | Nya Teatern |
| General information | |
| Type | Theatre |
| Location | Helsinki, Finland |
| Completed | 1860/1866/1935 |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect | G.T. von Chiewitz (1860) Nikolaj Benois (1866) Eero Saarinen, Jarl Eklund (1935) |
The Swedish Theatre (Swedish: Svenska Teatern, Finnish: Ruotsalainen Teatteri) is a Swedish-speaking theatre in Helsinki, Finland and is located at the Erottaja (Skillnaden in Swedish) square, at the end of Esplanadi (Esplanaden in Swedish). It was the first national stage of Finland.
The first theatre in Helsinki was completed in 1827. The wooden building designed by architect Carl Ludvig Engel was located in the corner of Mikaelsgatan and Esplanaden. At the time the theatre was opened it had no permanent actors and many of the actors who performed in the theatre during that time were en route to Saint Petersburg.
The theatre designed by Engel soon became too small as the interest in theatre grew rapidly among the citizens of Helsinki. The new theatre building was opened on 28 November in 1860. The new building, which was designed by Georg Theodor von Chiewitz, was built on Skillnaden, on the same site as the current Svenska Teatern. The first play performed in the new theatre was Princessan av Cypern by Zacharias Topelius and Fredrik Pacius. The first actors of the theatre were from the group of Pierre Deland. The group performed in the theatre 1860-1861. The language was initially Swedish, but Finnish language was soon launched on stage by the Swedish actress Hedvig Raa-Winterhjelm.
Only three years after the new theatre building was completed it was destroyed in a fire in 1863. The building was soon rebuilt, in the Neoclassical style, and the theatre re-opened its doors in 1866. This time the architect was Nikolaj Benois from Russia. The theatre carried the name Nya Teatern (New Theatre) until the year 1887, when a Finnish theatre was opened in Helsinki. Since 1887 the name of the theatre has been Svenska Teatern.
The building of Svenska Teatern was renovated in 1935 by architects Eero Saarinen and Jarl Eklund. The richly decorated facade of the building was replaced with a new facade representing functionalism.
In the beginning of the 20th century, the directors of the theatre were mainly Swedish and many of the actors came from Sweden. In 1915, it was decided that theatre was to become a national stage for the Finland-Swedish theatre. Already in 1908, a new theatre school was founded by the theatre.